Figure Sets

These are published figures from peer-reviewed research journals and monographs that engage students in data analysis and critical thinking organized by teaching approach, Bloom's Taxonomy cognitive skills, class size, and time. The student-active approaches listed here are suggestions and examples; modify them as appropriate for your teaching.

Section and Ecological Question	Student-Active Approach	Cognitive Skill	Class Size/Time
1. Changes in cottonwood and willow abundance in the 20th century. (Beschta 2003; Ripple & Beschta 2004a)	Pairs share and hypothesis development	Knowledge, comprehension, interpretation, analysis	any/moderate
2. Factors influencing suppression and recrutiment of woody riparian vegetation. (Beschta 2003; Ripple & Beschta 2004a)	Pairs share and report out	Knowledge, comprehension, interpretation, analysis	any/moderate
3. Causes of intense elk browsing on cottonwoods and willows during the 20th century. (Ripple & Beschta 2004a)	Pairs share	Knowledge, comprehension, interpretation	any/short
4. How do wolves impact elk and elk browsing, if not by direct population control? (Ripple & Beschta 2004b)	Informal group work	Knowledge, comprehension, interpretation, application, synthesis	any/moderate to long

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